Apparatus for purifying gases.



K. BUMHARD. APPARATUS FOR PURIPYING GASES. APPLIOATION FILED SEPT.19,1911.

Patent-ed Oct. 6, 1914.

KARL BOMHARID, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GASES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 6,1914.

Application filed September 19, 1911. SerialNo. 650,272.

To all 1072077), 2'2? may concern Be it known that l. KARL Bonnann, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Purifying Gases, of which the following is a specification.

Various experiments have been made in purifying gases by causing the residues and the solid particles contained in the gases to settle down, and to remove said residues and solid particles immediately and continuously.

One of the main objects of the invention is the removal of soot and smoke and for this purpose the process forming the subject matter of the invention and the apparatus for performing said process are especially adapted.

Up to the present it has mostly been overlooked that for purifying gases and for depositingithe particles contained therein, it is very important that for this purpose always the cross section of the flue is kept free and unobstructed (ideal or perfect cross section) so that the velocity of the flow of the gas current which is dependent on the positive or negative pressure prevailing at given times in the fiues is kept constant.

The main principle of the present invention is that the cross section of the discharge flues is kept constant, that means, that an empirical cross section is avoided, and thereby throughout the whole length of the fines, in which the precipitation of the solid particles occurs, the latter are continuously removed. In order not to exceed a velocity of the gas current of 1.5 m. per second, the fiues must retain a corresponding cross-section and suflicient time and space must be allowed for the particles collected therein to separate from the gas stream. To achieve this, it is essential to remove the collected solid particles by means of blades or the like, movingin the upper part of the outlet flue in a direction opposite to that of the gas stream, and in the lower part, that is to say on the bottom of the flue, in the direction of the gas stream, whereby the solid devices serving l particles are gathered in a pit at the rear of the chimney.

A further modified form of the present process for precipitating the solid particles from exhaust gases, consists in conducting the exhaust gases through outlet flues of comparatively narrow cross section, by which they receive a light rate of fiow into a space of comparatively large cross section arranged below the chimney whereby suddenly a material reduction of the rate of flow of the gases (approximately 1 m. per second) is effected. It is also possible to carry out the process by the introduction of air which may be cold or preheated into the front end of the outlet flue, so that a certain rate of flow of the gases is maintained.

Further the present process can be carried out thereby, that the exhaust gases are caused to pass vertical adhesion surfaces provided in an enlarged space arranged at the end of the outlet flues, so that the residues are caused to adhere to said surfaces. The latter can be jerked or vibrated by means of a shaking or striking device, so that there is never any possibility of reducing the cross sectional area b a large deposition of the solid particles 0 the gases: To remove the latter, it is not necessary that the for this purpose are dis posed in the outlet flue itself, in fact, they are advantageously disposed in a separate flue arranged abreast or below the outlet flue and connected with the latter by means of openings.

By the last mentioned modified form of the present process, it is ossible to obtain and utilize in a fresh con ition the residues which until now had settled down in the fine. and by the heat and the stay in the flue for a longer period had been completely gasified and consequently become useless. For earl-vine out the process of course various devices can be employed.

Tn the accompanying drawings, which represent several embodiments of said dc vices Figuresl and 2 represent longitudinal and transverse cross sectional views of a device for keeping the fines constantly free and unobstructed. Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of a special flue arranged abreast or below the outlet flue, and Fig. l is a see tion on line 7'7 Fig. 3 showing the araangement of transverse walls in the outlet The'solid particles in the exhaust gases, viz. flaky ashes and soot, collect in the outlet flues of the furnaces until the free cross sectional area of these outlet fines is so far choked up by these residues that the rate of flow of the exhaust gases is sufliciently' increased to carry along the solid particles. It the cross section of the outlet flue is made so that according to tests made the rate of flow is 1.5 111. per second, all the solid particles collect in the outlet flue.

The device consists of blades or sheet metal plates 1) which are arranged at a right angle to the direction of the flew of the combustion gases, 2'. a. vertically in the horizontally disposed outlet. The blades Z7 move in the upper part of the outlet flues in a direction opposite to the flow of the gases and accordingly act as rebound plates, against, which the solid particles contained in the gases strike and thus are retarded in their movement, so that they are caused to drop to the bottom or partly to adhere to the sheet metal plates. In the lower part of the outlet flue the blades move in the direction of the flow of the gases, and act here as scraping devices which convey the deposited solid particles of the exhaust gases to one end of the outlet flue into a receiving pit g The velocity of movement of the metal blades Z) is slower or at the most equal to the rate of flow of the exhaust gases, so that the dust, soot and other solid particles collected on the floor of the outlet flue cannot be whirled upwardly. The sheet metal plates or blades 5 are secured to an endless chain 70 runningover drums t t which are arranged outside of the outlet flue 0. or in the extension 0 of the latter respectively, so that the free cross section of the outlet flue is not obstructed by said drums. The drums andv also the journals and driving gears of the same are accordingly not subjected to the high temperature of the exhaust gases. One or both of these drums t t are driven in a suitable manner from a pulley or electromotor i by means of an interposed gear drive. The residues are from time to time removed from the receiving pit g, which can be closed against the flue c by means of a slide gate s. further to be noted that the cooling resulting from the expansion of the exhaust gases, when the latter enter into the large flue 0, as well as the adhesion surfaces promote the deposition of the fine particles (smoke).

in the form shown in Fig. 3 the outlet flue for the exhaust gases is separated by a partition wall (Z from the flue which latter It is is connected with the flue c by means of openings 7;. in the flue c. The partition wall d is held in position by means of cross bars. 6, which act in the same manner as the sheet metal plates 5 shown in Fig. 1, that is to say, the gas current strikes against these cross bars 6, whereby the deposition of the solid particles contained in the gases is facilitated. The deposited solid particles slide over the sloping floor e of the fine 0 into the flue 1, out of which they are transferred into a receiving pit by means of blades 6 secured to a chain 10 which is operated by drums t What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 2- 1. The combination with a flue having a floor adapted to receive dust deposits; of drums at the ends of said flue, an endless chain extending over said drums, baflies carried by said endless chain and extending in a direction transverse said flue, the baffles carried by the upper flight of said chain lying near the top of the flue and the baflies carried by the lower flight of the chain lying near the bottom of the flue, and means to drive one of said drums. I

2. The combination with a flue having a floor adapted to receive dust deposits; of drums at the ends of said flue, an endless chain extending over said drums, baflles carried by said endless chain and extending in a direction transverse said flue, the baflies carried by the upper flight of said chain lying near the top of the flue and the baffles carried by the lower flight of the chain lying near the bottom of the flue, means to drive one of said drums, and a dust collecting chamber at the outlet end of said flue.

3. The combination with a flue having a floor adapted to receive dust deposits; of drums at the ends of said flue, an endless chain extending over said drums, baffles carried by said endless chain and extending in a direction transverse said flue, the baffles carried by the upper flight of said chain lying near the top of the flue and the baffles carried by the lower flight of the chain lying near the bottom of the flue, means to drive one of said drums, and a dust collecting chamber at the outlet end of said'flue, provided with a series of dust gathering plates.

4:- The combination with a flue having a longitudinally extending partition spaced above the floor of said flue, said floor being inclined downwardly from one side of the flue to the partition; of spaced drums in the flue on the side of the partition opposite the inclined floor, an endless chain extending around said drtuus. conveyer flights carried by said chain. and means to operate one'of said drums.

5. The combination with a flue having a longitudinally extending partition spaced above the floor of said flue, said floor being inclined downwardly from one side of the flue to the partition; of spaced drums in the flue on the side of the partition opposite the inclined floor, an endless chain extending around said drums, conveyer flights carried by said chaln, means to operate one of said drums, and a series of-spaced bafiles sup- In testimony whereof I affix my signa ture in presence of two witnesses.

KARL BOMHARD.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HARRY L. WILSON. 

